We have developed a grid library of virtual manikins (VM) that represent human body scales for adult males and females as well as children. These virtual manikins are of two postures and are divided into 17 parts for the control of the thermal manikin, allowing the control and analysis of radiation heat transfer, surface temperature, and other factors in each part. Adopting this VM library, formulas for the mean convective heat transfer coefficient of the human body were developed from CFD analysis (total 375 cases analyzed). These formulas can evaluate influence mean velocity, turbulent intensity of wind and the posture of Virtual Manikins on convective heat transfer coefficient.

　　　We are developing an accurate CFD model for predicting pollution levels in urban locations, and carrying out wind tunnel experiments to verify its applicability. We developed a calibrator for a hot wire probe with different temperature and a system for simultaneously measuring fluctuating concentration, velocity and temperature. By using these systems, we also carried out an accurate wind tunnel experiment for measuring concentration diffusion in non-isothermal flow. This experiment is providing data such as average wind velocity, temperature, and concentration, various turbulence intensity data, shear stress, heat flux, concentration flux, etc., which are necessary for CFD verification. We are reducing measurement inaccuracies in this experiment and improving the reliability of data for CFD verifications.